The composition of the exhaust gases released from a typical petroleum or diesel-based engine contains nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen (NOx – NO and NO 2), oxides of sulfur (SOx - SO 2, and SO 3), lead, hydrocarbons (HC) and particulate matter (PM). In general, the exhaust gases are emitted through combustion processes. Henceforth, substantial efforts have been made to determine these exhaust gas compositions, laying specific emphasis on trace constituents, such as hydrocarbons and oxides of nitrogen. Īccording to air pollution studies, there are certain constituents that come from the automobile exhaust gases which react with the atmosphere forming smog type pollutants. The global average temperature would rise by 1.5–3.0 ☌ by the year 2030 if the CO 2 emissions continue to increase at the present pace.
Generally, 31% of CO 2 comes from thermal power plants, 17% from transportation sector, especially from automobiles and 12% from public utility apart from electrical energy. By the year 2000, it has increased up to 350 ppm and by 2015 it reached 400 ppm as a result of over exploitation of fossil fuels.
BIKE SILENCER DESIGN PDF FULL
According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change full report, the CO 2 concentration in the air was up to 270 ppm in the nineteenth century at the time of Industrial Revolution. Roughly the oceans can absorb up to one-third of the CO 2 emitted each year through human activities. Currently, the transportation and energy sectors are considered to be the major anthropogenic sources, responsible for more than 20 and 60% of greenhouse gases emissions. Increasing carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere has become a universal problem as it was deliberated to be the main cause of global warming. The global climate change, increasing pollution, deteriorating environment, land and water degradation have encouraged governments, policy makers, scientists and researchers in finding ways to develop mitigation through Phycoremediation technologies (i.e., sequestration through microalgae). quadricauda to the exhaust gas components’ toxicity and its efficiency in treating them followed by the biomass and lipid productivities were better than anticipated in the present study. The present study results showed that the exhaust gases played a crucial role in inducing biomass and lipid yields up to ≥2 and ≥ 0.6 g L − 1 respectively. quadricauda from the attached growth experiment. The automobile exhaust gases initially contained 13% of carbon dioxide, 2.4% of carbon monoxide, 0.2% of nitric oxide, 0.08% of nitrogen dioxide, 0.1% of sulfur dioxide and 0.05% of sulfur trioxide concentrations, which were removed up to 62, 57, 65, 66, 64 and 65% respectively by S. quadricauda was subjected to un-suspended/attached non-enclosure cultivation onto a silicone matrix coated stainless steel pipe, protracted to the motorcycle silencer outlet through which, the exhaust gases passed out. The automobile selected for the present study was a two wheeler motorcycle. It is easy to add your own unique modifications to any plan, or mix and match several plans together to create completely unique DIY projects.In the present study, an effort has been made to sequester automobile exhaust gases from a petroleum based engine using microalgae Scenedesmus quadricauda. Our easy to follow DIY plans start at the beginning, and work through the entire build with many detailed photos and instructions detailing how and why things are done. Take a stand against the flood of cheap, mass produced products, and build something much better of your own design, something that will offer a lifetime of reliable service. Learning to build your own DIY Bikes, Trikes, or Farm Equipment is a skill easily mastered by anyone, and it is a transferable skill that will fuel your DIY hobby for a lifetime. Take pride in your home built projects, and create something completely unique from nothing more than recycled parts. You don't need a fancy garage full of tools or an unlimited budget to build anything shown on our DIY site, you just need the desire to do it yourself. Unleash your creativity, and turn your drawing board ideas into reality. DIY Means Building Yourself a Better Life.